Why Do People Migrate?
The reasons that push people to migrate and make a country attractive: economic opportunity, education, political oppression, demography and climate. Emigration from Turkey has also risen markedly in recent years.
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36 articles · Writing for PUGAT 2021–2026 · 6 series
The reasons that push people to migrate and make a country attractive: economic opportunity, education, political oppression, demography and climate. Emigration from Turkey has also risen markedly in recent years.
Orhan Turan · 18 December 2025 · 3 min read

The human story of migration begins at birth and ends at death. The first article in the “Introduction to Migration” series looks at the definition and types of migration: internal and external, voluntary and forced, permanent and seasonal.
Orhan Turan · 6 December 2025 · 2 min read

QR codes are everywhere, from restaurant menus to parcel labels, and fraudsters have noticed. How do QR code phishing attacks, known as “quishing”, work, and how can you protect yourself?
Orhan Turan · 11 March 2024 · 6 min read

What happens if there is no state? Haneke’s film “Time of the Wolf” and the tent days after the 1999 earthquake point, after the 2023 earthquakes, to the need for a new social contract.
Orhan Turan · 8 March 2023 · 6 min read

Against rising ransomware attacks and data breaches, the Netherlands has announced a new Cybersecurity Strategy. The strategy contains a concrete action plan to secure the country digitally.
Orhan Turan · 17 October 2022 · 6 min read

Türkiye hosts millions of foreigners, yet terms such as refugee, asylum seeker and temporary protection are often confused. This article clarifies the legal status of migrants.
Orhan Turan · 26 June 2022 · 7 min read

Syrian migrants were set to be one of the main issues of the 2023 elections. The author assesses the government’s open-door policy and the legal status of the migrants.
Orhan Turan · 6 June 2022 · 5 min read

Russia’s attack on Ukraine has reopened the debate on the place of war in international law. The article examines the law of war and the rules on the protection of civilians.
Orhan Turan · 25 April 2022 · 9 min read

Military cadets and conscript privates were “children of the state”, under the state’s protection. The author questions, from a legal standpoint, the situation of the military cadets tried after 15 July.
Orhan Turan · 2 April 2022 · 8 min read

Sometimes we grasp the weight of an event only when we see it in a painting or on a screen. The author recommends a film based on a true story that has not yet been released in Turkey.
Orhan Turan · 12 February 2022 · 6 min read

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